Skin Contamination by Radioactive Isotopes, (I)

The Radioactive Isotopes

Mass separator for radioactive isotopes

A new isotope separator has been designed, constructed, and put into routine operation for separation of 133Xe providing a major advancement and significant cost reduction in preparation of this radioactive isotope. The design features and advantages are discussed that expedite high purity separation of relatively small quantities of this isotope. These advantages could be easily used to expedi...

Radioactive contamination of scintillators

Low counting experiments (search for double β decay and dark matter particles, measurements of neutrino fluxes from different sources, search for hypothetical nuclear and subnuclear processes, low background α, β, γ spectrometry) require extremely low background of a detector. Scintillators are widely used to search for rare events both as conventional scintillation detectors and as cryogenic s...

Measurement of Radioactive Caesium Isotopes by Accelerator Mass Spectrometry

The first measurements of the radioactive Cs and Cs isotopes were made on an accelerator mass spectrometer. The natural Ba interference was suppressed using an isobar separator for anions (ISA) in order to measure the less abundant isobaric Cs and Cs isotopes. It was found that the Ba interference could be suppressed by a factor of 2×10 while 25% of Cs was transmitted. Furthermore, through comp...

The Use of Two Radioactive Isotopes

There are 2 radioactive isotopes of iron suitable for use as biological tracers. One of these, Fe59, has a half life of 47 days and emits gamma rays and low energy beta rays. The other, Fe55, has a half life of about 5 years and emits low energy x-rays only. This paper describes how these 2 isotopes are prepared for red blood cell tracer studies, how biological samples containing the radioactiv...